Buy Nootropics in Indonesia | The #1 A-Z Guide

Curious how to buy nootropics in Indonesia these days?

Wondering whether it’s safe to buy ‘smart drugs’ like Modafinil and “social” nootropics like Phenibut?

Well, you’ve come to just the right place. This guide will explain everything you need to know about getting nootropics in Indonesia.

We’ll tell you the best nootropics to try, their legal status, side effects, and where to buy them for the best prices.

P.S: This is the #1 legal nootropic in Indoneisa.

Whether you’re a local, an expat, or a digital nomad, we’ll give you a complete overview of the smart drugs scene in beautiful Indonesia.


This is not medical or legal advice. This guide is strictly for entertainment purposes only. Always consult a medical professional before consuming any nootropic and always abide by the laws of your country. Please read my disclaimer page, too.


What Are Nootropics?

Never heard of nootropics before? Relax, we’ve got you covered.

Nootropics are substances that can enhance and protect the human mind in various ways.

The word ‘nootropic’ was coined in the 1970s by a Romanian psychologist and chemist called Dr. Corneliu Giurgea. He combined the Greek words ‘nous’ (meaning ‘mind’) and ‘trepein’ (meaning ‘to bend’) to create the new term [1].

To be classified as a nootropic, a substance must enhance one or more cognitive functions like learning, memory, concentration, or attention span while simultaneously protecting the brain from stress and being non-toxic and side-effect free.

Some nootropics are natural and have been used by humans for thousands of years, while others are chemically synthesized and were discovered or developed much more recently.

Let’s look at some of the most popular nootropics.


What are natural nootropics?

You’ve almost certainly heard of at  least some natural nootropics, even if you’ve never heard the term ‘nootropics’ before.

Natural nootropics come from plants or plant extracts, amino acids, or other nutrients sourced from nature. The most widely used natural nootropic is Caffeine. Caffeine is found in foods like cocoa beans, coffee, and tea leaves and has been used as a stimulant by humans since antiquity. It is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that helps improve attention span and information retention [2].

Another popular natural nootropic you may have heard of is Ginkgo biloba, which comes from the Chinese maidenhair tree. It has been used for thousands of years and has been shown to prevent dementia and improve working memory [3].

Now let’s look at some popular synthetic nootropics…


What are synthetic nootropics?

Synthetic nootropics are chemically synthesized substances, meaning that they don’t occur in nature. The first known synthetic nootropic was Piracetam, discovered in 1964 by Dr. Giurgea (the guy who coined the term ‘nootropics’!).

Dr. Giurgea conducted clinical trials and observed that Piracetam helped improve brain metabolism, learning, working memory, and recall [4]. To this day, Piracetam remains one of the most popular synthetic nootropics for people who want to boost their memory.

Since the 1960s, plenty of other racetams and other nootropics have been discovered. Some of the most popular nootropics are actually prescription drugs used to treat medical conditions. When they are taken ‘off-label’ — outside of their intended medical use, by healthy individuals, they act as nootropics.


Modafinil vs Mind Lab Pro


Nootropics Side Effects and Safety

Before you run off and start popping pills, there are a few things you need to know about the side effects and safety of various nootropics.

Now, we’re not doctors and this isn’t medical advice, but we strongly suggest that you read about side effects, prescription drug interactions, and any notes and warnings of any nootropic you plan to take.

So, what should you be aware of?


Natural nootropics side effects and safety

If you want to err on the side of caution, we recommend using natural nootropics like caffeine, Ginkgo biloba, and so on. These are the safest known nootropics.

When you take natural nootropics at the recommended doses, they are generally considered to be:

  • Beneficial to cognitive functions like memory and concentration
  • Safe
  • Non-toxic
  • Non-addictive

While you should be absolutely fine with natural nootropics, you should still exercise caution and use them responsibly. Depending on your current state of health and genetic factors, you may experience adverse effects, especially if you are currently taking any prescription medicines.

For example, Caffeine is known to interact adversely with several prescription medicines [5], and Ginkgo biloba can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with certain herbal medications, antiplatelet agents, or warfarin [6].

You’ve also got to be careful about how much you take. Caffeine can cause anxiety, hallucinations, and even dizziness when consumed in high amounts [7], so slow down, partner!

Natural nootropics are great, but if you want to experience more powerful cognitive benefits, synthetic nootropics are the way to go. Unfortunately, they tend to come with more pronounced side effects.

Let’s take a look.


Synthetic nootropics side effects and safety

When you take synthetic nootropics, you can expect to experience more serious side effects compared with natural nootropics. However, the symptoms are, for the most part, mild and should subside soon after you cease use.

If you want to be cautious, the safest synthetic nootropics we know of are Piracetam, Aniracetam, and other racetams. Studies have shown that racetams possess very low toxicity and produce no serious side effects in healthy individuals [8].

The world’s best nootropics – Modafinil – is a wakefulness-promoting agent used to treat narcolepsy, a condition where sufferers fall asleep at inconvenient times during the day.

Modafinil has been well researched as a narcolepsy treatment and is considered a safe drug, but there is little published research into its side effects and safety when used ‘off-prescription’ as a nootropic.

One study looked at what happened when Modafinil was administered to patients who had been incorrectly diagnosed with narcolepsy (i.e. non-sufferers). It found that Modafinil caused a number of unexpected side effects [9], such as:

  • Headaches
  • Nausea
  • Anxiety
  • Insomnia
  • Lumbago
  • Diarrhea
  • Dyspepsia
  • Rhinitis
  • Vertigo

Fortunately, these side effects were mild and participants in the study reported that they subsided within 24 hours after they stopped taking Modafinil.

You should be able to mitigate some or all of Modafinil’s side effects by lowering your dose, or taking it early in the morning, and staying well-hydrated during the day.

Now let’s look at the world’s most popular “social” nootropic – Phenibut. Although it isn’t a licensed drug in Indonesia, it is currently prescribed in four countries (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Latvia) and used to treat anxiety, insomnia, alcoholism, and depression.

Phenibut has several documented side effects [10]. These are:

  • Fatigue
  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Stomach cramps

An additional risk with Phenibut that you don’t get with other nootropics is that is a potentially addictive substance [11]. One study found that patients who took Phenibut to help with substance use disorder experienced severe withdrawal symptoms when they stopped using the drug [12].

It’s important to be responsible when taking Phenibut. You should never take more than 500mg per dose or more than 2,000mg per week.

Overall, all the nootropics in this guide are generally considered safe and produce minimal side effects when taken at the recommended dosages.

If you are in any doubt about how nootropics may interact with your existing medications, contact your doctor as soon as possible.


Are Nootropics Legal in Indonesia?

Determining the legal status of nootropics in Indonesia can be a little tricky.

Indonesia has a reputation as an ‘anti-drugs’ country, but nootropics aren’t narcotics so you don’t need to be too alarmed….

Natural nootropics like Caffeine, Ginkgo biloba, Creatine, Yamabushitake, Pine Bark Extract, and CDP-Choline (Citicoline) are sold over-the-counter as dietary supplements and are perfectly legal.

But the legality of prescription drugs is a little more opaque.

According to Indonesian Law No. 35/2009, there are three groups of controlled substances; Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3. Each of these groups has a different set of punishments for possession and trafficking. You can read the English version of this law here [13].

As you can see, none of the natural or synthetic nootropics that we recommend in this guide (Piracetam, Modafinil, Phenibut) are listed as controlled substances. However, other nootropics may be, so you should always do due diligence.

For example, some popular ADHD medicines that are often used as nootropics contain Group 1 controlled substances like methamphetamines. Importing or possessing them can land you in serious trouble.

In Indonesia, Modafinil and Phenibut are unlisted substances so they fall into somewhat of a legal grey area. There are no laws explicitly banning their sale or use, yet they aren’t licensed as pharmaceuticals in Indonesia.

This means that you can’t be prescribed them and you can’t buy them from any pharmacy, whether you go to the small independent ones or the larger chains like Apotek K-24, Century, Guardian, or Kimia Pharma. This is true regardless of whether you have a prescription from abroad or not.

Fortunately, if you’re a tourist, expat, or digital nomad, it is legal to bring a personal supply of prescription medications into Indonesia with you when you arrive. You can bring enough to last for the duration of your stay, or any possible extension of stay.

The caveat is that you must have a doctor’s letter or legible doctor’s prescription (known as a ‘Resip doctor’ in Indonesia) clearly stating your name, the dose, the frequency of dose, and the correct name of the medication.

Provided that you declare the medicines as “Prescribed medication for personal use whilst traveling” on your customs form when you arrive, you shouldn’t have any hassles. In the unlikely event that a Customs inspector asks you for a ‘resep’, you can just show them the letter or prescription and you should be fine.

Having this documentation also lets you buy more prescription drugs online and have them shipped to you. If the event that an order is stopped, customs may write to you asking to see the ‘resep’, and destroy the package if you can’t provide this document within three months. But this is rare.

What if you don’t have a prescription or letter? Well, being caught with prescription drugs can land you in serious legal trouble. Last November, an Australian man was arrested in Bali for bringing in some prescription ADHD medication and forgetting to bring his prescription [14].

Now, we’re not lawyers, but in our experience, getting your hands on nootropics in Indonesia is easy and safe! In our experience, ordering nootropics online and having them shipped to you is very low risk.

Our recommended nootropics vendor will ship a personal supply of 90 days right to your doorstep, even if you don’t have a prescription! They even offer a free reshipment or a full refund if your order doesn’t get through.

We’ve honestly never heard of this happening and basically, you have no risk.

But this isn’t legal advice and we advise you to abide by Indonesian laws at all times.


Modalert tablets


Top 2 Legal Nootropics in Indonesia

If you don’t have a prescription, the idea of ordering unlicensed drugs like Modafinil and Phenibut online and getting them shipped to your address in Indonesia can seem a little risky.

We get it.

After all, it’s natural to want to be conservative while living in a conservative country.

Fortunately, there are a couple of 100% legal nootropics that offer solid cognitive benefits without any need for a prescription:

  • Mind Lab Pro

Mind Lab Pro is a safe, legal, reliable, nootropic that acts as an ‘all-in-one’ solution to cognitive optimization. It ticks all the right boxes as a nootropic; it boosts your mood, memory, concentration, and reaction times, while simultaneously repairing and protecting your brain.

When we tried Mind Lab Pro, we found it gave us a massive boost in concentration, focus, creativity, and productivity. Despite containing only natural nootropics, it gave us a ‘drug-like’ increase in our levels of alertness and overall well-being. We got a surge of energy that lasted for 9+ hours and found we were able to pack two-day’s worth of work into just one!

So how does it work?

Mind Lab Pro contains a blend of 11 research-backed nootropics:

  • Maritime Pine Bark Extract: This improves spatial memory [15].
  • Organic Lion’s Mane Mushroom (Yamabushitake): This improves mood and protects against cognitive impairment [16].
  • Bacopa monnieri: This boosts cognition and decreases choice reaction times [17].
  • Citicoline: This has strong neuroprotective properties [18].
  • L-Tyrosine: Which boosts motivation and mental performance [19].
  • Phosphatidylserine (PS): A proven memory-boosting nootropic.
  • L-Theanine: Which helps with creativity.
  • Rhodiola Rosea: To boost mental energy.

We found that these nootropics work in synergy and delivered a huge cognitive boost. Best of all, we experienced zero side effects and were able to use it continuously without having to work about addiction or dependency.


  • Qualia Mind

The other natural nootropic we recommend is Qualia Mind. It’s an over-the-counter nootropic that’s potent and powerful.

While it’s not as strong as Modafinil (well, nothing is!), we found that Qualia gave us a solid 8+ hours of focus and concentration. It kept us energized all day because it has a unique dosing schedule where you take the first three pills in the morning and then six more at noon.

So what’s its secret?

Well, just like Mind Lab Pro, Qualia contains both Bacopa Monnieri, which helps increase reaction times and reduce anxiety [20], and Citicoline, which helps boost memory and recall [21]. Overall, this is our favorite natural nootropic stack and is one of the best ways to get a massive boost to alertness and cognition.

Qualia also contains 19 other natural nootropics including Huperzine A, which has strong neuroprotective properties [22], Phosphatidylserine, which can help with cognitive functioning [23], and Ginkgo biloba, which has been shown to improve short term recall and memory [24].

Our favorite aspect of Qualia is that it’s caffeine-free. It didn’t make us feel ‘wired’ or ‘jittery’ the way that other caffeine-based nootropics can. We just felt cool, calm, and alert, and found it easy to transition from one activity to the next.


The World’s Best Nootropic…

Now we’re getting to the good stuff!

Modafinil is the undisputed KING of smart drugs for one simple reason: nothing else comes close!

It’s a powerful ‘eugeroic’ (meaning ‘wakefulness-promoting agent) and is registered in most countries as a prescription medication for treating narcolepsy and other sleep disorders.

But when taken ‘off-prescription’ by healthy individuals, Modafinil acts as a powerful stimulant.

A single 100-200mg dose of Modafinil can:

  • Give you superhuman focus for 12+ hours.
  • Increase your ability to concentrate.
  • Greatly enhance your alertness [25].
  • Improve your ability to learn, work, and study.
  • Optimize your working memory [26].

Curious about how Modafinil does this? Glad you asked…

If you’ve ever experienced hay fever before, you may have taken antihistamines and noticed that they make you feel drowsy and sleepy. Well, Modafinil is the exact opposite; it elevates the levels of histamine in your brain and makes you feel wide awake and super alert [27].

Having high levels of histamine prevents you from feeling sleepy for hours [28]. This is ideal if you’re trying to work or study and want to continue for longer than you’d normally do.

Some people wrongly assume that Modafinil is taken ‘off-label’ as a way of going without sleep. While it’s true that some people do use it to pull ‘all-nighters’, this isn’t recommended. Your brain needs at least eight hours of quality sleep each day and going without sleep can have serious long-term consequences for your brain’s health.

The way that most people use Modafinil is they take one dose early in the morning and use it to help them study or work all day. Modafinil gives you a laser-like focus and dramatically increases your ability to concentrate on whatever you need to do. By early evening, the effects have subsided and you can sleep as normal!

Modafinil is often referred to as a smart drug because it helps improve your working and episodic memory [29]. It does this by binding to your brain’s dopamine transporter and inhibiting the reuptake of dopamine [30]. This increases the amount of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine in your brain and helps you work and study more effectively.

Lastly, Modafinil is extremely helpful if you are ever feeling stressed, anxious, or worried. It reduces reactivity to fear stimuli in the brain region involved in anxiety, the amygdala [31]. This lets you think more clearly even if you are under a lot of pressure.


Is Modafinil Legal in Indonesia?

Modafinil in Indonesia is an interesting topic.

Modafinil isn’t licensed as a drug in Indonesia so you can’t ask a doctor to prescribe it to you and you can’t buy it from a pharmacy.

If you’re a tourist, expat, or digital nomad and have a prescription or doctor’s letter for Modafinil from a doctor in your home country, you can bring a personal supply into the country when you arrive. You can bring enough to last for the duration of your stay and any extensions of stay.

You can also use the same documents to legally order Modafinil online and have it shipped to your doorstep.

Technically, ordering Modafinil without a prescription is illegal, but customs controls aren’t particularly stringent and we’ve never heard of anyone having any issues ordering a personal supply (90 day’s worth) of Modafinil online.

Our recommended Modafinil vendor guarantees all shipments to Indonesia. They are so confident that your order will get through that they’ll even offer a free reshipment or refund in the unlikely event that your package is stopped.

Basically, Modafinil isn’t a narcotic and isn’t a banned substance, so ordering it online is pretty much risk-free.

But again, this isn’t legal advice and we always encourage you to abide by Indonesian laws.


How to Buy Modafinil in Indonesia


Top “Social” Nootropic

The top “social” nootropic in Indonesia right now is:

Phenibut.

In case you’ve never heard of it before, it’s a synthetic central nervous system (CNS) depressant that lowers inhibitions and increases social confidence. This is great if you suffer from social anxiety and want to let your hair down, without drinking too much!

A single dose (250-500mg) of Phenibut can:

  • Boost your sense of well-being.
  • Lower your stress and anxiety levels.
  • Improve your blood pressure
  • Help you sleep better
  • Increase your working memory, verbal fluency, and alertness [32]

In Indonesia, Phenibut has become known as ‘the happy pill’. It gives you a nice warm ‘buzz’ just like alcohol and makes you way more fun to be around! It’s become really popular on the clubbing scene as it is great for getting in the mood for a night out, without having to drink. Phenibut makes you a social butterfly and turns you into the life and soul of any party.

Fitness enthusiasts and bodybuilders who want to avoid the testosterone-sapping ethanol in alcoholic drinks [33] have started flocking to Phenibut, too! It’s a great nootropic for de-stressing at the end of a busy week. In fact, it’s such a great stress-buster that many people report higher sex drives while on Phenibut.


Is Phenibut Legal in Indonesia?

Just like Modafinil, Phenibut falls into a legal grey area in Indonesia. It’s not registered or licensed as a pharmaceutical, so you can’t buy it from a store or pharmacy. But it’s also not on the list of controlled substances, no there are no laws expressly banning it.

We’re not lawyers, but in our experience, getting Phenibut shipped to your doorstep in Indonesia is a breeze.

Our recommended Phenibut vendor offers fast shipping and guarantees deliveries with the offer of a free shipment or a full refund in the unlikely event that your order doesn’t get through.

Basically, you get your Phenibut or you get your money back. Your choice.


Phenibut


Nootropics Indonesia | Verdict

That’s it!

Everything you need to know about buying nootropics in Indonesia.

While we’re not doctors or lawyers, we’ve given you the latest information so you can make an informed choice about which nootropics you buy in Indonesia.

As Modafinil and Phenibut aren’t controlled substances, we’ve found it safe to import them into the country for personal use. The individuals we’ve corresponded with have had no issues buying from our recommended suppliers either.


References

  1. Giurgea C. Vers une pharmacologie de l’activité intégrative du cerveau. Tentative du concept nootrope en psychopharmacologie [Pharmacology of integrative activity of the brain. Attempt at nootropic concept in psychopharmacology]. Actual Pharmacol (Paris). 1972;25:115-156.
  2. Nehlig A, Daval JL, Debry G. Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1992;17(2):139-170. doi:10.1016/0165-0173(92)90012-b
  3. DeKosky ST, Williamson JD, Fitzpatrick AL, et al. Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia: a randomized controlled trial [published correction appears in JAMA. 2008 Dec 17;300(23):2730]. JAMA. 2008;300(19):2253-2262. doi:10.1001/jama.2008.683
  4. Winnicka K, Tomasiak M, Bielawska A. Piracetam–an old drug with novel properties?. Acta Pol Pharm. 2005;62(5):405-409.
  5. Carrillo JA, Benitez J. Clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions between dietary caffeine and medications. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000;39(2):127-153. doi:10.2165/00003088-200039020-00004
  6. Sierpina VS, Wollschlaeger B, Blumenthal M. Ginkgo biloba. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68(5):923-926.
  7. Wikoff D, Welsh BT, Henderson R, et al. Systematic review of the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy adults, pregnant women, adolescents, and children. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;109(Pt 1):585-648. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.04.002
  8. Gouliaev AH, Senning A. Piracetam and other structurally related nootropics. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1994;19(2):180-222. doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)90011-6
  9. Lopes E, Pereira D, da Silva Behrens NS, et al. Cataplexy as a side effect of modafinil in a patient without narcolepsy. Sleep Sci. 2014;7(1):47-49. doi:10.1016/j.slsci.2014.07.015
  10. Lapin I. Phenibut (beta-phenyl-GABA): a tranquilizer and nootropic drug. CNS Drug Rev. 2001;7(4):471-481. doi:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2001.tb00211.x
  11. Zheng KH, Khan A, Espiridion ED. Phenibut Addiction in a Patient with Substance Use Disorder. Cureus. 2019;11(7):e5230. Published 2019 Jul 24. doi:10.7759/cureus.5230
  12. Ahuja T, Mgbako O, Katzman C, Grossman A. Phenibut (β-Phenyl-γ-aminobutyric Acid) Dependence and Management of Withdrawal: Emerging Nootropics of Abuse. Case Rep Psychiatry. 2018;2018:9864285. Published 2018 Apr 30. doi:10.1155/2018/9864285
  13. Idpc.net. 2020. English Version Of The Indonesian Narcotics Law. [online] Available at: <https://idpc.net/publications/2009/11/indonesia-narcotics-law-september-2009-english> [Accessed 23 August 2020].
  14. 7NEWS.com.au. 2020. Aussie Husband Detained In Bali As Drug Crackdown Intensifies. [online] Available at: <https://7news.com.au/news/bali/australian-man-detained-in-bali-for-carrying-adhd-medication-police-deem-type-one-narcotics-c-571930> [Accessed 23 August 2020].
  15. Paarmann K, Prakash SR, Krohn M, et al. French maritime pine bark treatment decelerates plaque development and improves spatial memory in Alzheimer’s disease mice. Phytomedicine. 2019;57:39-48. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.033
  16. Mori K, Inatomi S, Ouchi K, Azumi Y, Tuchida T. Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2009;23(3):367-372. doi:10.1002/ptr.2634
  17. Kongkeaw C, Dilokthornsakul P, Thanarangsarit P, Limpeanchob N, Norman Scholfield C. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on cognitive effects of Bacopa monnieri extract. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;151(1):528-535. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.008
  18. Grieb P. Neuroprotective properties of citicoline: facts, doubts and unresolved issues. CNS Drugs. 2014;28(3):185-193. doi:10.1007/s40263-014-0144-8
  19. Fond G, Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Brunel L, et al. Innovative mechanisms of action for pharmaceutical cognitive enhancement: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res. 2015;229(1-2):12-20. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.006
  20. Sukumaran NP, Amalraj A, Gopi S. Neuropharmacological and cognitive effects of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst – A review on its mechanistic aspects. Complement Ther Med. 2019;44:68-82. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.016
  21. Iulia C, Ruxandra T, Costin LB, Liliana-Mary V. Citicoline – a neuroprotector with proven effects on glaucomatous disease. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2017;61(3):152-158. doi:10.22336/rjo.2017.29
  22. Damar U, Gersner R, Johnstone JT, Schachter S, Rotenberg A. Huperzine A as a neuroprotective and antiepileptic drug: a review of preclinical research. Expert Rev Neurother. 2016;16(6):671-680. doi:10.1080/14737175.2016.1175303
  23. Glade MJ, Smith K. Phosphatidylserine and the human brain. Nutrition. 2015;31(6):781-786. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.014
  24. Tan MS, Yu JT, Tan CC, et al. Efficacy and adverse effects of ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;43(2):589-603. doi:10.3233/JAD-140837
  25. Brühl AB, d’Angelo C, Sahakian BJ. Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug?. Brain Neurosci Adv. 2019;3:2398212818816018. Published 2019 Feb 15. doi:10.1177/2398212818816018
  26. Battleday RM, Brem AK. Modafinil for cognitive neuroenhancement in healthy non-sleep-deprived subjects: A systematic review. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;25(11):1865-1881. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.07.028
  27. Ishizuka T, Sakamoto Y, Sakurai T, Yamatodani A. Modafinil increases histamine release in the anterior hypothalamus of rats. Neurosci Lett. 2003;339(2):143-146. doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00006-5
  28. Brown RE, Stevens DR, Haas HL. The physiology of brain histamine. Prog Neurobiol. 2001;63(6):637-672. doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00039-3
  29. Zolkowska D, Jain R, Rothman RB, et al. Evidence for the involvement of dopamine transporters in behavioral stimulant effects of modafinil. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009;329(2):738-746. doi:10.1124/jpet.108.146142
  30. Rasetti, R., Mattay, V. S., Stankevich, B., Skjei, K., Blasi, G., Sambataro, F., Arrillaga-Romany, I. C., Goldberg, T. E., Callicott, J. H., Apud, J. A., & Weinberger, D. R. (2010). Modulatory effects of modafinil on neural circuits regulating emotion and cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 35(10), 2101–2109. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2010.83
  31. Minzenberg MJ, Carter CS. Modafinil: a review of neurochemical actions and effects on cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008;33(7):1477-1502. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301534
  32. Owen DR, Wood DM, Archer JR, Dargan PI. Phenibut (4-amino-3-phenyl-butyric acid): Availability, prevalence of use, desired effects and acute toxicity. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2016;35(5):591-596. doi:10.1111/dar.12356
  33. Haugvad A, Haugvad L, Hamarsland H, Paulsen G. Ethanol does not delay muscle recovery but decreases testosterone/cortisol ratio. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014;46(11):2175-2183. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000339

Jake

After utilizing nootropics for the better part of a decade, I realized the potent results these products produce -- with regards to productivity and cognitive enhancement. Soon thereafter, I became obsessed with finding the premier smart drugs on the market. Then using them to improve my life. When I'm not devouring everything I can about nootropics and the science behind why they work, you'll find me traveling around the world or in the gym.

Click Here to Leave a Comment Below

Leave a Reply: